Infant mortality is the term used to describe deaths of children under one year old. Premature birth, low birth weight, congenital malformations, Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), infections, and difficulties during delivery are common causes of infant mortality.
Preterm birth, sometimes referred to as premature birth, is the main reason why infants die around the world. Infants who are born prematurely are more likely to experience health issues and are at danger of dying than those who are born at term.
Infant mortality is also significantly increased by low birth weight. Low birth weight babies are more prone to illnesses and are at greater risk of passing away.
Birth defects, also known as congenital defects, are structural or functional anomalies that exist at birth. These birth abnormalities, which can be mild to severe, can significantly increase the risk of infant mortality.
The sudden and unexplained death of a baby younger than a year old is known as SIDS, commonly referred to as “cot death.” The precise aetiology of SIDS is unknown, however it is thought to be related to elements like the baby’s sleep posture, exposure to smoke, and a family history of the condition.
Infant mortality can also be caused by illnesses like meningitis, sepsis, and pneumonia. These infections in newborns can be challenging to treat since they can be brought on by a number of bacteria and viruses.
Infant death might also result from delivery-related issues including haemorrhage or oxygen deprivation. These complications can happen during labour and delivery and can be brought on by a variety of things, such as issues with the placenta or umbilical cord.
In addition to these causes, infant mortality can also be influenced by other elements like poverty, access to healthcare, and mother health. To lower the risk of infant mortality, it is crucial that pregnant women have access to quality prenatal care and that babies receive quality medical attention.
